Inderpal Aulakh

NwHack 2022

Tue, 15 Feb 2022 17:33:17 -0800

Azure Communication Services (ACS) sponsored nwHack 2022 at The University of British Columbia. It was great to see the engagement from students to leverage open source API’s to solve daily problems. …

Past (2021 (365 - 8)) - Present (Today 😊) - Future (*)

Fri, 24 Dec 2021 13:45:39 -0800

At the beginning of year 2021, my professional goal was to write bogs as well as to work on designing a software system. …

Software System Design

Sat, 23 Oct 2021 18:08:19 -0700

I do not know how the perfect software architectures are build. It is possible that perfect software designs are myth. …

Android Sample Chat Application using Azure Communication Services and ChatKit

Sun, 08 Aug 2021 15:12:01 -0700

This post demonstrates the Android chat application leveraging Azure Communication Services and ChatKit.

Harnessing the Power of Less

Sun, 20 Jun 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Last week, I read an article “Harnessing the Power of Less” published in Special Times Edition “Secrets of Success”. The beautiful line “Stretching encourages adaptation and working with what you already have, rather than focusing on needing more” …

Kotlin map, foldRight & nested functions to implement redux middleware

Mon, 10 May 2021 14:27:12 -0700

Kotlin supports Higher order functions. In this blog, I will create a higher order function that will use map & fold right for execution.

Before diving into higher order functions, let’s go through map & fold right.

map is collective transform operation.

var numbers = mutableListOf(1, 2, 3)
numbers = numbers.map { it*2 }.toMutableList()
// elements in numbers: 2,4,6

foldRight accept initial state, apply initial state to all elements and return final state.

var numbers = mutableListOf(1, 2, 3)
var result = numbers.foldRight(100, {a,b -> test(a,b)})
private fun test(a: Int, b: Any): Int {
 return a + b as Int
}

/*
First execution:
initial 100
a = 3
b = 100

Second Execution
a = 2
b = 103

Third Execution
a = 1
b = 105

final: result = 106
*/

Let’s create a higher order function Middleware that takes an instance StringApp, has inner function next: Type and return Type.

Dagger, Injecting custom objects (Interface implementation)

Sun, 02 May 2021 00:00:29 -0700

It is very connivent to use any DI framework when all the objects required are available in application. For example, I have two classes Logger, Service and class Middleware is dependent on these classes.

class Logger()

class Service()

//this class requires Logger & Service object
class Middleware(private val logger:Logger. private val service:Service)

// middleware object
val middleware = Middleware(Logger(),Service())

Dagger can build objects of Logger and Service classes by indicating @Inject annotation to all three classes

internal class Logger @Inject constructor()

internal class Service @Inject constructor()

//this class requires Logger & Service object
internal class Middleware @Inject constructor(private val logger:Logger. private val service:Service)

@Component
interface MiddlewareComponent {
 fun buildComponent():Middleware
}

// middleware object
val middleware = DaggerMiddlewareComponent.builder().build().buildComponent()

If the project requirements are modified to get Logger with custom implementation, we can write @Module to support dependency injection.

// now, Logger is interface
interface Logger

class Service @Inject constructor()

class Middleware @Inject constructor(val logger: Logger, val service: Service)

@Module
class LoggerModule constructor(val logger: Logger) {

 @Provides
 fun providesLogger(): Logger {
 return logger
 }
}

@Component(modules = [LoggerModule::class])
interface MiddlewareComponent {
 fun buildComponent(): Middleware
}

//custom implementation
class NullLogger : Logger

//injecting logger module with interface implementation
val middleware = DaggerMiddlewareComponent.builder().loggerModule(LoggerModule(NullLogger())).build().buildComponent()

Android/Java Dependency Injection Frameworks (Android Library & App Development)

Mon, 12 Apr 2021 10:46:57 -0800

Below are widely used Dependency Injection frameworks mostly by android & Java application projects.

For Android application development, the suggested Framework by Google are Dagger and Hilt. These frameworks help to avoid writing boilerplate code.

Guice

Guice (pronounced ‘juice’) is a lightweight dependency injection framework for Java 6 and above, brought to you by Google. (github.com)

With 10K stars this framework is mostly used by Java developers where Java is used for backend & Application development.

For Android, this framework is not suggested as this framework use reflections to scan annotations from code. This requires significant CPU cycles and RAM thus slowdowns application launch.

Reflection on the desktop/server JVM is very efficient, and even very large Guice applications don’t have performance problems related to Guice.

Manage your app’s memory | Android Developers : Other dependency injection frameworks that use reflection tend to initialize processes by scanning your code for annotations. This process can require significantly more CPU cycles and RAM and can cause a noticeable lag when the app launches.

Distributed caching - Redis

Thu, 25 Mar 2021 18:26:03 -0800

Redis is in-memory data structure store. Redis has a really good documentation to learn and implement framework capabilities.

My mentor at Job guided me to learn Redis. My primary focus is to understand how Redis helps for Distributed Caching.

Distributed Caching

Distributed Caching is cache shared by multiple servers. The miclsroservices or services can keep it’s own cache for data but distributed cache has many advantages as we can scale and manage cache at one place.

The caches are used to save time to reduce cost to read database from database. The in memory(RAM cache) data is much more efficient to perform read operations as compared to SQL databases.

Redis supports distributed caching by clusters. Twitter has redis instance for every user across data centers. When a tweet comes, the tweet is inserted into redis cache instance of every user who follows the tweet owner Real Time Delivery Twitter. Distributing caching helps twitter to deliver 300k tweets/sec.

MVC & MVVM Android Design Pattern (Android)

Wed, 24 Mar 2021 18:26:03 -0800

Recently, I developed an Android application. The application was developed focusing on simplicity. The application was small thus skipped writing unit tests. I know skipping the unit tests is not a good practice.

In past, I was working on backend projects where tons of unit tests exists for API’s. I am new to application development and spent some time to learn about MVC and MVVM design patterns.

For next project, the preference is MVVM. At end of this post I will share the reason to choose MVVM.

The example code for this post is written for Android application.

MVC (Model-View-Controller)

Model: Model is data layer. Model call services or database to get data from external systems.
View: View is user interface layer.
Controller: Controller is triggered first. Controller has reference to Model as well as View. Controller get data from Model and send to View.

Coding blog with colored code snippets(.md posts)

Thu, 25 Feb 2021 19:38:55 -0800

We can make our code snippets more interesting and readable by sharing code with color formatting.

To turn on colors, just add language short name 😉

For C# code, add cs after ```.

```cs

write your code here

```

Example:

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 Logging logger = new Logging();
 logger.Log("login success");
 }

Adapter Design Pattern

Sat, 13 Feb 2021 17:11:06 -0800

This design patterns guides to create a wrap around existing class to reuse existing class for a new requirement.

Assume, I have two logging classes named WriteLogsToLocalFile and WriteLogsToServer.

class WriteLogsToLocalFile
{
public void Log(string fileName, string message)
{
//write logs to file
}
}
class WriteLogsToServer
{
public void Log(string urL, string message, string token)
{
//call rest API with oAuth
// Note: here token is used for oAuth
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
WriteLogsToLocalFile fileLogs = new WriteLogsToLocalFile();
fileLogs.Log("hello.xml", "login success");
WriteLogsToServer serverLogs = new WriteLogsToServer();
serverLogs.Log("https://server.logs/upload", "login success", "oAuthToken");
}

Here user is manually creating objects to write logs separately to local file and server.My requirement is to create a common class for logging, so that client can call common class. The common class should blindly recurse through list of loggers to log message.

In below code, a new interface ILog is not compatible with WriteLogsToLocalFile and WriteLogsToServer. We created WriteLogsToServerAdapter and WriteLogsToServerAdapter. Logging is helper class.

Code Review

Tue, 09 Feb 2021 07:50:50 -0800

Code reviews plays an important role to keep code consistent and readable. Code reviews are conducted to maintain quality and simplicity. The bugs should be taken care by automated tests. Code reviews are the best way to learn coding skills from your team members.

In this post, I want to share my opinion on how to write code reviews comments. I read a document Google code review. This document is really helpful to write code reviews comments and how to fix, reply on code review comments.

The variable name, function name or class name style formatting

This type of comments should be taken care by compile time code validation. For example, Android has checkstyle.

Rename class or variable names

When we are suggesting someone to rename something in our code, maybe we can express or thoughts by: why to change name? what are the suggested names?

Composite Design Pattern

Sun, 24 Jan 2021 15:33:39 -0800

The Composite Design pattern is structural design pattern. This design pattern is used when we want to treat a group of objects in same way. The composite design pattern has following elements.

Component

This is a class that contain all the members that needs to be implemented by all the objects.

Composite

This class is used to add, remove and traverse components.

Leaf

The leaf object in tree structure is defined as leaf element.

Code Sample

I want to print salaries of all employees in my organization with names and designation. The root of organization tree is CEO. The CEO has directors as child composite. The director has managers as child composite. Finally, engineers at level 1 as leaf because no one is reporting them.

 // ignore this, just to print
static int i = 0;
interface IComponent
{
void print();
}
class Composite : IComponent
{
private string name;
private string designation;
private decimal salary;
private List<IComponent> listComponent = new List<IComponent>();
public Composite(String name, String designation, decimal salary)
{
this.name = name;
this.designation = designation;
this.salary = salary;
}
public void addComponent(IComponent component)
{
listComponent.Add(component);
}
public void printDesignation()
{
Console.Write(designation);
Console.Write(" ");
}
public void printName()
{
Console.Write(name);
Console.Write(" ");
}
public void printSalary()
{
Console.Write(salary);
Console.Write(" ");
}
public void print()
{
printName();
printDesignation();
printSalary();
Console.WriteLine(" ");
i++;
foreach (var component in listComponent)
{
for(int k =0;k <i; k++)
{
Console.Write(" - ");
}
component.print();
}
}
}
class Leaf : IComponent
{
private string name;
private string designation;
private decimal salary;
public Leaf(String name, String designation, decimal salary)
{
this.name = name;
this.designation = designation;
this.salary = salary;
}
public void print()
{
printName();
printDesignation();
printSalary();
Console.WriteLine(" ");
}
public void printDesignation()
{
Console.Write(designation);
Console.Write(" ");
}
public void printName()
{
Console.Write(name);
Console.Write(" ");
}
public void printSalary()
{
Console.Write(salary);
Console.Write(" ");
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Leaf ram = new Leaf("Ram", "SE1", 1000000);
Leaf sham = new Leaf("Sham", "SE1", 1000000);
Composite teamLead = new Composite("Mohan", "Team Lead", 1000000);
teamLead.addComponent(ram);
teamLead.addComponent(sham);
Composite manager = new Composite("John", "Manager", 1000000);
manager.addComponent(teamLead);
Composite director = new Composite("kuku", "Director", 1000000);
director.addComponent(manager);
//traverse through all
director.print();
}
}

Output:

Android Application implementing Azure Active Directory Authentication to call protected Azure Function

Sat, 23 Jan 2021 13:36:35 -0800

In this post, I am writing about how to setup Azure Active Directory Android application login to access Azure functions protected with Azure Active Directory authentication.

Create an Android Application

Open Android Studio and create new Project with Empty Activity.

Configure project with below settings

Get SHA1 & package name

Open powershell and cd to C:\Users<username>.android Execute below command, if prompted for password enter android or leave blank

keytool -list -v -keystore debug.keystore -alias androiddebugkey -storepass android -keypass android

Copy SHA1 -> Navigate to https://base64.guru/converter/encode/hex and convert SHA1 to Base64

Copy package name from AndroidManifest.xml

Now you have packagename & Base64 SHA1 hash

Setup Azure Active Directory

I followed steps from Register your app under Azure Active Directory (using Android platform settings) to setup AAD.

Login to Azure
Open AAD
Click App Registration -> New Registration

Select Authentication
Select Add a platform

Enter SHA1 Hash & package name

Copy Android Configuration

Android Studio Enable Checkstyle (Gradle)

Sun, 17 Jan 2021 08:23:23 -0800

Checkstyle is a development tool to help programmers write Java code that adheres to a coding standard.

Steps to enable checkstyle for Android Project

Create checkstyle.xml

Create folder checkstyle inside Android Project app folder. Create file checkstyle.xml Reference

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE module PUBLIC
"-//Puppy Crawl//DTD Check Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://www.puppycrawl.com/dtds/configuration_1_2.dtd">
<!--
Checkstyle configuration that checks the sun coding conventions from:
- the Java Language Specification at
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/second_edition/html/index.html
- the Sun Code Conventions at http://java.sun.com/docs/codeconv/
- the Javadoc guidelines at
http://java.sun.com/j2se/javadoc/writingdoccomments/index.html
- the JDK Api documentation http://java.sun.com/j2se/docs/api/index.html
- some best practices
Checkstyle is very configurable. Be sure to read the documentation at
http://checkstyle.sf.net (or in your downloaded distribution).
Most Checks are configurable, be sure to consult the documentation.
To completely disable a check, just comment it out or delete it from the file.
Finally, it is worth reading the documentation.
-->
<module name="Checker">
<!--
If you set the basedir property below, then all reported file
names will be relative to the specified directory. See
http://checkstyle.sourceforge.net/5.x/config.html#Checker
<property name="basedir" value="${basedir}"/>
-->
<!-- Checks that a package-info.java file exists for each package. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_javadoc.html#JavadocPackage -->
<module name="JavadocPackage"/>
<!-- Checks whether files end with a new line. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_misc.html#NewlineAtEndOfFile -->
<module name="NewlineAtEndOfFile"/>
<!-- Checks that property files contain the same keys. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_misc.html#Translation -->
<module name="Translation"/>
<!-- Checks for Size Violations. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_sizes.html -->
<module name="FileLength"/>
<!-- Checks for whitespace -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_whitespace.html -->
<module name="FileTabCharacter"/>
<!-- Miscellaneous other checks. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_misc.html -->
<module name="RegexpSingleline">
<property name="format" value="\s+$"/>
<property name="minimum" value="0"/>
<property name="maximum" value="0"/>
<property name="message" value="Line has trailing spaces."/>
</module>
<module name="TreeWalker">
<!-- Checks for Javadoc comments. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_javadoc.html -->
<module name="JavadocMethod"/>
<module name="JavadocType"/>
<module name="JavadocVariable"/>
<module name="JavadocStyle"/>
<!-- Checks for Naming Conventions. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_naming.html -->
<module name="ConstantName"/>
<module name="LocalFinalVariableName"/>
<module name="LocalVariableName"/>
<module name="MemberName"/>
<module name="MethodName"/>
<module name="PackageName"/>
<module name="ParameterName"/>
<module name="StaticVariableName"/>
<module name="TypeName"/>
<!-- Checks for Headers -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_header.html -->
<!-- <module name="Header"> -->
<!-- The follow property value demonstrates the ability -->
<!-- to have access to ANT properties. In this case it uses -->
<!-- the ${basedir} property to allow Checkstyle to be run -->
<!-- from any directory within a project. See property -->
<!-- expansion, -->
<!-- http://checkstyle.sf.net/config.html#properties -->
<!-- <property -->
<!-- name="headerFile" -->
<!-- value="${basedir}/java.header"/> -->
<!-- </module> -->
<!-- Following interprets the header file as regular expressions. -->
<!-- <module name="RegexpHeader"/> -->
<!-- Checks for imports -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_import.html -->
<module name="AvoidStarImport"/>
<module name="IllegalImport"/> <!-- defaults to sun.* packages -->
<module name="RedundantImport"/>
<module name="UnusedImports"/>
<!-- Checks for Size Violations. -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_sizes.html -->
<module name="LineLength"/>
<module name="MethodLength"/>
<module name="ParameterNumber"/>
<!-- Checks for whitespace -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_whitespace.html -->
<module name="EmptyForIteratorPad"/>
<module name="GenericWhitespace"/>
<module name="MethodParamPad"/>
<module name="NoWhitespaceAfter"/>
<module name="NoWhitespaceBefore"/>
<module name="OperatorWrap"/>
<module name="ParenPad"/>
<module name="TypecastParenPad"/>
<module name="WhitespaceAfter"/>
<module name="WhitespaceAround"/>
<!-- Modifier Checks -->
<!-- See http://checkstyle.sf.net/config_modifiers.html -->
<module name="ModifierOrder"/>
<module name="RedundantModifier"/>
<module name="AvoidNestedBlocks"/>
<module name="EmptyBlock"/>
<module name="LeftCurly"/>
<module name="NeedBraces"/>
<module name="RightCurly"/>
<module name="AvoidInlineConditionals"/>
<module name="DoubleCheckedLocking"/> <!-- MY FAVOURITE -->
<module name="EmptyStatement"/>
<module name="EqualsHashCode"/>
<module name="HiddenField"/>
<module name="IllegalInstantiation"/>
<module name="InnerAssignment"/>
<module name="MagicNumber"/>
<module name="MissingSwitchDefault"/>
<module name="RedundantThrows"/>
<module name="SimplifyBooleanExpression"/>
<module name="SimplifyBooleanReturn"/>
<module name="DesignForExtension"/>
<module name="FinalClass"/>
<module name="HideUtilityClassConstructor"/>
<module name="InterfaceIsType"/>
<module name="VisibilityModifier"/>
</module>
</module>

Create checkstyle.gradle

Create checkstyle.gradle inside app folder (at same level where build.gradle exists)

Generation of Sequence Diagram using Mermaid

Wed, 06 Jan 2021 10:46:57 -0800

I use online tools to generate sequence diagrams. Recently, my colleague at work guided me about Mermaid to generate sequence diagrams. This is an awesome tool.

Mermaid

Mermaid has online editor Editor. However, I did not use online editor for confidentiality reasons.

I created index.html and opened in browser.


<html>
<body>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid/dist/mermaid.min.js"></script>
<script>
mermaid.initialize({ startOnLoad: true });
</script>
<div class="mermaid">
sequenceDiagram
participant A
participant B
A->>B:How are you?
B-->> A: I am good
loop test loop
A->>B:How are you?
B-->> A: I am good
end
</div>
</body>
</html>

2020 Review

Thu, 31 Dec 2020 13:26:03 -0800

The year 2020 was a year of unpredicted event Covid-19. In January, my wife travelled to Toronto for her co-op and I planned to spend my evenings studying algorithms and software engineering concepts alongside full time job.

I planned to complete most of the study-topics in March and completed as planned. In mid-March my office shared guidelines to work from home. My wife was also back from Toronto and started a co-op remotely.

I saved two hours of commute time. My office had layoffs. Some of my teammates were laid off. It was a hard time to see teammates leaving, and I got worried about myself.

I started to spend more time studying software engineering topics. Usually, I develop hobby projects using technologies I do not use as a part of my job. Because of Covid-19, I got much time to work on hobby projects to explore AWS and Azure infrastructures.

Accessing Azure Pipeline variables in Webpack Node.js

Wed, 30 Dec 2020 21:22:38 -0800

Recently, I struggled a bit to figure out a way to access Azure-Pipeline Variables in Node.js JavaScript/TypeScript project. However, it is easy.

.yml Pipeline code

- task: Npm@1
displayName: "Run project"
env:
MyVariableName: $(MYVARIABLENAME) // this is pipeline variable name, in Capital letters
inputs:
commands: 'custom'
CustomCommand: 'run test'

npm Package

install package string-replace-loader

TypeScript/JavaScript File

Create a file with any name “test.ts”

test.ts
const test = () => {
const myVariable = "My-Variable";
};

Setup webpack.config.js

 module: {
rules: [
{
test: /test\.ts$/,
loader: 'string-replace-loader',
options: {
search: 'My-Variable',
replace: process.env['MyVariableName'] // from .yml env
}
}
]
}
}

Finally


"scripts" :{
"test": "webpack --config webpack.config.js"
}

DoubleDispatch

Mon, 28 Dec 2020 00:22:53 -0800

To understand Double Dispatch, understanding of Overloading and Overriding is must. I already talked about Overloading and Overriding in post Overloading & Overriding.

One level of virtual dispatching

derived types override a base types: as shown below

 class Farms
{
public virtual void Irrigation()
{
Console.WriteLine("Farm Type");
}
}
class WheatFarm : Farms
{
public override void Irrigation()
{
Console.WriteLine("WheatFarm");
}
}
class RicaFarm : WheatFarm
{
public override void Irrigation()
{
Console.WriteLine("RicaFarm");
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var a = new Farms();
var b = new WheatFarm();
var c = new RicaFarm();
a.Irrigation();
b.Irrigation();
c.Irrigation();
}
//output
Farm Type
WheatFarm
RicaFarm

Two level of virtual dispatching (Double Dispatch)

This concept is used in Visitor Design Pattern.

use polymorphic static binding technique to ensure that proper overload is called

 class Crop
{
public virtual void CropName(CropWatering obj)
{
obj.WaterSupply(this);
}
}
class Wheat : Crop
{
public override void CropName(CropWatering obj)
{
obj.WaterSupply(this);
}
}
/* An example of overloading (Method with same name but different parameter type)
* */
class CropWatering
{
public virtual void WaterSupply(Crop crop)
{
Console.WriteLine("CropWatering working on type Crop");
}
public virtual void WaterSupply(Wheat wheat)
{
Console.WriteLine("CropWatering working on type Wheat");
}
}
class CropWatringSpring : CropWatering
{
public override void WaterSupply(Crop crop)
{
Console.WriteLine("CropWatringSpring working on type Crop");
}
public override void WaterSupply(Wheat wheat)
{
Console.WriteLine("CropWatringSpring working on type Wheat");
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Crop crop = new Crop();
Wheat wheat = new Wheat();
CropWatering cropWatering = new CropWatering();
crop.CropName(cropWatering);
wheat.CropName(cropWatering);
CropWatringSpring cropWatringSpring = new CropWatringSpring();
crop.CropName(cropWatringSpring);
wheat.CropName(cropWatringSpring);
}
//output
CropWatering working on type Crop
CropWatering working on type Wheat
CropWatringSpring working on type Crop
CropWatringSpring working on type Wheat

Reference

Overloading & Overriding

Tue, 15 Dec 2020 20:57:27 -0800

To learn about Single & Double Dispatch, many design patterns, we need to understand Overloading and Overriding.

Overloading

Overloading is compile-time polymorphism. The methods/functions with same name but different number/type parameters are example of Overloading.

As Overloading is compile-time, means during run-time the base type is considered. Example:

 class Crop
 {
 public virtual void CropName()
 {
 Console.WriteLine("Hey, My type is Crop");
 }
 }

 class Wheat : Crop
 {
 public override void CropName()
 {
 Console.WriteLine("Hey, My type is Wheat");
 }
 }

 /* An example of overloading (Method with same name but different parameter type)
 * */
 class CropWatering
 {
 public void WaterSupply(Crop crop)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("I am working on type Crop");
 }

 public void WaterSupply(Wheat wheat)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("I am working on type Wheat");
 }
 }

In main, If I create an object of type Crop and Wheat, an expected result will appear in console.

Book Summary: Don’t make me think - Steve Krug

Mon, 14 Dec 2020 12:14:41 -0800

The book “Don’t make me think” is written by Steve Krug. This is the first book that I read about UX(User Experience Design) design. This book is concise and has four sections.

The “guiding principles” talks about not puzzling the user to find required content. These principles guide to omit needless content, using conventions, images and explains the web page scanning habit of user (not reading complete content).

The section “Things you need to get right” has content to design navigation that helps user to find their way. The big bang theory of web design is about designing home page, using tag lines (nothing beats a good tagline), welcome blurb and testing home page usability.

The section “Making sure you got them right” is all about usability testing. Resolving conflicting thoughts between developers, designers, marketing and project managers, this section also talks about usability testing on 10 cents a day. Focusing on early usability tests, do it yourself usability testing and how often, this section importantly explains feedback loop. Finally, this section has guidance about “deciding what to fix” from feedback.

About Me

Sun, 13 Dec 2020 19:15:32 +0800

I am a Software Engineer focused on building reliable products and writing about practical software engineering.

This blog is where I publish notes from real projects, architecture decisions, and lessons learned while shipping software.

What I Write About

Software design patterns and clean architecture
Backend and cloud engineering (including Azure)
Engineering practices such as code review and maintainability
Personal learning notes from books, experiments, and side projects

Why This Site Exists

I write to turn experience into reusable knowledge. If a post helps you avoid a bug, design a cleaner system, or move faster with confidence, it has done its job.

Work With Me

I am always open to thoughtful technical discussions, collaboration opportunities, and feedback on posts.

Email: aulakh.inderpal@gmail.com

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